Vehicle seat headrests are critical passive safety components. Their impact resistance directly affects occupant neck safety during collisions. The automotive seat headrest impact testing machine simulates front and rear collision scenarios, accurately reproducing the impact process between the head and the headrest to provide key data for evaluating energy absorption characteristics and structural integrity.
1. Test Principles & Compliance Standards
The test uses a pneumatic ejection system to drive a standardized headform impact arm, striking the headrest at a set speed. By measuring the deceleration changes of the headform during impact, it precisely analyzes the energy absorption properties and impact force attenuation performance of the headrest.
Complies with Major International Standards:
- GB 15083-2006 (Appendix C)
- GB 11550-2009 (Appendix B)
- ECE R21. R17. R25
- Meets mandatory testing requirements for seat fixation devices and headrest strength in various countries
2. Key Technical Features
- Pneumatic Drive System: Utilizes compressed air or nitrogen as the power source, ensuring stable and controllable impact speed with high repeatability accuracy.
- Modular Design: Can integrate flat impact device functional modules to flexibly adapt to testing requirements of different standard systems.
- Dual Safety Interlocks: Features both hardware and software safety protection mechanisms to fully ensure operator safety during testing.
- Multi-directional Adjustment: The impact arm supports a wide adjustment range of 600mm/700mm in the Y/Z directions, meeting the installation position requirements of various seats.
3. Key Performance Parameters
Maximum Impact Speed: 30 km/h (accuracy ±0.3 km/h)
Acceleration Measurement: 500g range, accuracy < ±1%
Angle Measurement: Impact arm angle accuracy ±0.005°
Data Acquisition: 5000Hz sampling frequency, microsecond-level time accuracy
Speed Measurement: 0-50km/h range, accuracy ≤ ±3%
4. Standardized Test Procedure
- Sample Installation: Securely fix the complete seat assembly to the simulated vehicle body fixture, ensuring the connection rigidity matches the real vehicle state.
- Headrest Adjustment: Adjustable height headrests are set to the highest position; bench seats require simultaneous testing of adjacent seating positions.
- Parameter Setting: Set key parameters such as impact speed and collision angle according to the test standard.
- Initiate the test and collect/analyze deceleration data.
- Result Evaluation: Check for failure of the headrest frame, fixation devices, and adjustment mechanisms; verify the integrity of the unlocking function.
5. Quality Verification Requirements
- Post-test verification must confirm:
- No structural failure of the seat frame and fixation devices.
- Adjustment devices and locking mechanisms retain full functionality.
- Moving/folding devices can be unlocked and operated at least once normally.
- All components are free from cracks or fractures affecting safety.
This testing system provides a complete quality verification solution for automotive component manufacturers and inspection/certification agencies, ensuring products continuously comply with global automotive safety regulations.
